Method of making nozzles



Oct. 25, 1932. .1. H. ATAYLOR 1,834,914

METHOD OF MAKING NOZZLES Filed Oct. 4, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l 7., oo J6 Oct. 25, 1932. J. H. TAYLOR METHOD CF MAKING NozzLs 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dct. 4, 1928 Patented Oct. 25, 19,32,`

UNrrijEDffSi-Tes JAMES' HALL marron, on OAK PARK, ILLINoIs METHOD or MAKING NozzLnsy Application led October 4, 17928. Serial No. 310,414.

My invention relates to a new and improved method ofmaking nozzles of the type commonly used in connection with steam f boilers and consisting of a neck-with a fiange at each end thereof. YMore specifically, my invention has todo with what is known as the high type of nozzle.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an apparatus suitable for practicing my'invention and, step by step, my method from billet to finished article.

' ln these drawings;

Figure 1 shows the original billet;

Figure 2 shows the result of the first operation on the billet;

Figure 9.

ill)

The original billet of wrought iron or steel is shown at in Figure 1. The first operation reduces the central portion of ther billet and brings it to cylindrical form, as indicated at 11 in Figure 2, this operation leaving the head 12 at the top, and the head 13 at the bottom, thereof. y

The billet, in this form is then placed in a machine which I shall now describe.

The main frame of the machine is of general circular form and is shown at 14. llt is provided with atop plate 15 and the central portion of the assembly is in the form of a die-receiving tube 16. The frame is adjustn ably mounted on standards 17 which, in turn, are supported'from pistons 18 operating in cylinders 19 in the base 20. Thus the frame may be raised by pressure in the cylinders and lowered bygravity, as desired. Y

In the frame 14, four radially disposed die members 22 are mounted, ninety degreesv pinion 28 mounted on a shaft 29,'afl'sojou`rapart, for inward and outward sliding movement, the inner ends of these members extending -into the central tube 16v as shown. The die members 22 are moved by means of vertically'movable wedge blocks 23, 23 which operate between them and the rim of the frame 14l and with both of which they engage by means of the tongue and groove interlocks 24 and 24', respectively. On the under side of the frame 14 a plurality of brackets 25 are provided, one for each vdie member 22, each of them bearing a screw gear 26, and a screw 27, fixedly secured to the respective wedge block 23, engages within this screw gear. A

naledV in each bracket 25, meshes with each of the respective gears 26. A pinion carried on the upper end of shaft 29 meshes with the ring gear 31; 4This ring gearis supported by the annular bracket v32 which also provides a bearing for the upper end of the shaft 29. A 'worm wheel 33 is'mounted on one of the shafts 29 and power is applied thereto through the worm 34 on the shaft of a motor 35 mounted on the under side of the frame. Thus, the four die members 22 maybe moved simultaneously inwardly and outwardlyby means ofthe motor v35. y

A circular die 37 is disposed in the central tube 16, over the dieC members 22, and a circular die I38larger in internal diameter, is inserted therein below them. Thestationary platen is shown below thetube at 39 and the movable platen over it at 4Q..

@The bille-t, in the form shown in Figure 2', 85l is disposed inthemachine, within'the tube 16, as shown in Figure 3, andthe die members 22 are moved inwardly to lthe position illustrated, i. e., holding the billet at its centralportion with which the ends of the die members are substantially commensurate.

[Theheads 12 andf13 then provide the material from which the upper and lower flanges, respectively, are to be made. An upper die 41 carried by platen 40, fits into the circular J0 die 37 and alower die 42, resting on platen 39, fits int-o the circular die 33. The circular Y dies determine the diameter of thefla-nges of the finished article and they are-slightly'flared ou as indicated at 37 and 38 for a purpose to be described presently.

The movable platen is brought down to bring the die 41 into the die 3'?, with die 42 engaging the bottom of the billet. Continued downward movement results in smashing down the two heads into the form shown in Figure 5, thus forming the upper and lower flanges 12 and 13. 1t is obvious that in this operation the entire frame 14 must move downwardly somewhat as the lower head of the billet is reduced, this being permitted by the mounting of the frame as previously described.

It is also clear that in this operation the die members 22 form a closed die around the central cylindrical portion of the billet and that it is against them that the dies 41 and 42 operate. l

After the operation illustrated in Figure 5 has been completed, the die members 22 are slightly'withdrawn, as shown in Figure 6, toleave a space 44 around the central portion of the billet. The billet is now to be axially pierced, as will be described, andthe horizontal area of the annular space 44 is approximately equal to the horizontal areaof the piercing. The lower die block 42 is left in place, in this piercing operation, but the upper die block 41 is removed and a guide block 45 is inserted in the circular Vdie 37. rllhis guide block guides the piercing tool 46 which is substituted for the die block 41 on the upper platen 40. The piercing tool, which is of a diameter equal to the desired internal diameter of the finished article, is then b-rought downwardly, piercing an axial hole in and almost through the billet, as shown in Figure 7. This results in the outward spreading f of the material in the central portion of the billet, filling the space 44, no material being removed in this operation.

rlhe piercing tool is then withdrawn, and the guide block 45 is removed if desired, and

a punch 50 inserted ahead of the tool in the hole in the billet, as shown in Figure 8.

The piercing tool is then again brought down to force the punch through the billet. ln this punching operation, however, an annular block 51 is inserted between the billet and the lower platen 42 so that the material removed may be received by it. This forms the tubular neck 11 and completes the nozzle to the form shown in Figure 9. rlhe 'f upper platen is then raised, and the tool and punch are removed and the frame is then raised away from the platen 42. Then the die members 22 are withdrawn and the linished article dropped out of the circular dies,

the flaring of the flanges, hereinbefore referred to, and the fact that the lower flange is the larger, permitting the ready release thereof.

l. claim:

1. The method of making nozzles, which comprises forming a billet with a reduced mid-portion and end flanges, piercing the billet and thereby displacing and redistributing the metal of the mid-portion radially there- A of, and confining the radial extension of said mid-portion to a. diameter less than that of either of the flanges, thereby forming an intervening tubular neck between the flanges and of less exterior diameter than either flange.

2. rllhe method'of making nozzles, which comprises forming a billet with a reduced mid-portion and end ianges, piercing the billet from one end thereof to within a short distance ofV its other end and thereby displacing and redistributing the metal of the mid-portion radially thereof, confining the radial extension of said mid-portion to a diameter less than that of either of the lianges, and punching out the metal at said other end of the billet to complete the opening therethrough.

lin witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 28th day of September, 1928.

JAMES HALL TAYLOR. 

